<div dir="ltr">Hi everyone, <div><br></div><div>Just a reminder about the talk tomorrow. </div><div><br></div><div>Bryan</div><div><br><div class="gmail_extra"><br><div class="gmail_quote">On Thu, Mar 1, 2018 at 12:14 AM, Bryan Tripp <span dir="ltr"><<a href="mailto:bptripp@gmail.com" target="_blank">bptripp@gmail.com</a>></span> wrote:<br><blockquote class="gmail_quote" style="margin:0 0 0 .8ex;border-left:1px #ccc solid;padding-left:1ex"><div dir="ltr">Hi everyone, <div><br></div><div>Next Tuesday we will have a talk by Professor Aimee Nelson from McMaster. The title and abstract follow. </div><div><br></div><div>Bryan</div><div><br></div><div><br></div><div>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin:0cm 0cm 10pt;line-height:115%;font-size:11pt;font-family:Calibri"><span lang="EN-CA">Changes
in the organization of the motor cortex that follow </span><span>incomplete spinal cord injury<span></span></span></p>
<span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri">Movement training for improving upper limb
control is an essential component of rehabilitation for individuals with spinal
cord injury (SCI). Understanding the cortical representation of arm muscles in
SCI is fundamental to designing more effective movement training regimes.<span> </span>In uninjured individuals, the primary motor
cortex (M1) contains overlapping muscle representations, an organization that
reflects muscle synergies. This organizat</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri">ional feature has yet to be studied in SCI yet is considered a key
element that defines the coordinated action of multiple muscles during human
movement. Using Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS), we investigated the
bilateral representation and overlapping distribution of muscles of the upper
limb in chronic cervical SCI and aged-matched controls (n=9, each group).
Muscles studied included the abductor pollicus brevis (APB), flexor carpi
radialis (FCR) and biceps brachii (BB) and the cortical territory (cm<sup>2</sup>),
overlapping territory (cm<sup>2</sup>) of the target muscles, and center of
gravity were computed. Results indicate a reduction in the cortical territory
dedicated to all three muscles in SCI (i.e. reduced complete overlap) compared
to uninjured controls.<span> </span>Further, SCI had
greater cortical territory dedicated to a single or dual muscle representation.
These data indicate that overlapping organization is preserved in the motor
cortex of SCI, however, the overlapping r</span><span lang="EN-CA" style="font-size:11pt;line-height:115%;font-family:Calibri">epresentation does not extend to all three
muscles. The implication from these data is that movement training emphasizing
synergies that incorporate all three muscles (APB, FCR, BB) may promote greater
representational overlap (similar to uninjured controls) and provide functional
gains in motor control. </span>
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